Journey To America Essays (668 words) - Bible, Sonia Levitin

Journey To America The Book Journey to America written by Sonia Levitin, is the one of the greatest books that was ever published. The book showed the how a family could survive in tough times, and yet survive to live great. The book is well written, well thought of and well done. The book is great to read and great to tell about, that why you're hearing it right now. Now listen now and think about reading it later? The book started in Germany where the Platt family was living and staring their quest out of the hellhole. During the starting it explains that the family tried to live in Brazil but didn't succeed so they returned back to Germany. About after that is where the book starts, and the family decides that the location is America and their new home. First their father ? papa? leaves to America and advises that he will send for them. After about 4 days they receive a letter that he is ok. Then about after 2 weeks, he sends a letter that he got a job as a janitor, and tells them that the next letter is to leave Germany. Then after a week and a half, he sends instructions on their way to Zurich. Then the family leaves leaving their family behind. They get there and get the room where Papa said to stay, and there were a letter that explained how to get to America. Also telling them that a letter will come to go to the next point of the plan. Then they head to France, then Catch a boat and rea ch America where their father is waiting. The book was ravishing with important events, but there were 3. It was when their Papa leaves, when they leave Germany, and when they get to America. Though the ending was so predictable, it was that they get to America, and they finally see their father. The Main Character Lisa was changed a little bit because that she left her home and family/friends. Basically she left everything, and the reason was just to survive. Other people and other events changed the main character by Ruth telling her not to be honest just not to leave the camp to survive longer. Also by Mama teaching them that they have tot live poor but live. Lisa, during these times had to completely change. Lisa's traits are Caring, Loving, truthful, and strong (mentally). The Book had a unique place and time which was Germany during World War 1 because they were in Hitler's wrath. The setting of the Book made the book more exciting by the Nazis hating the Jews, and making life for the Jews extremely harsh. The setting made the Platt's flee Germany, and go to America where life would be more applicable. I think that the setting had a perfect role in the story because it was a survival book, where the family left to survive. I believe when Sonia Levitin wrote this book she intended that the theme of the book was survival. Survival was the theme of the book because it focussed on how the Platt's left Germany just to survive. The time was World War 1 and Jews were hated and the Platt's were Jews so the let to the land of the free. The book showed the reader how it was like to be a Jew in that time and place. I believe it must have been horrible for them how they had to leave everything, and start over. Other themes expressed by the Author was kindness and courage because they're were people that total didn't know them yet helped them, also how the Platt's started over. This is the good part in which you're done hearing about the book so you know now that it's a good book. Now you either have 2 choices either I keep on talking or you go and read the book. Read the book its good for you. Happy Reading! Book Reports

The Magic Barrel essays

The Magic Barrel essays He found his characters in real Jewish community. That is why the tone and style of "The Magic Barrel" are so unmistakable and truthful. Through two main characters author involves us in a specific business going on between Leo Finkle, a lonely rabbinical student, and Pinye Salzman, a matchmaker. In order to get a good congregation Leo supposed to be married. How a man, who was studying for six years and who never was in a company of woman, easily can find a wife? The same way as his parents did. He went to the matchmaker. It was not so easy for Leo to appeal to Salzman, because he hoped to find the wife by himself. He wanted to be in love before he gets married. But he resorted to help. It was a firs time when he turned his mind over. Pine Salzman, the marriage broker, represented the old generation, and respected the old Jewish tradition. Marriage is a very important part of a Jew's life, and the family is more important than the girl herself is. He does not think about love. It is possible to imagine how Leo was disappointed when Salzmen introduced the girls to him. "Sophie P. Widow. Father promises eight thousand dollars. Has wonderful wholesale business. Also realestate." "Lily H. Regular. Father is successful dentist thirty-five years. Interested in professional man. Wonderful opportunity." Moreover, "She is a partikiler. She wants the best." Leo's interest to Lily was aroused, and he began seriously to consider calling on her. Finally they met. She provoked him to say the strange, but a very capacious and valuable phrase: "I think, that I came to God not because I loved Him, but because I did not." But Lily didn't dream about him, she dreamed about an invented hero. After this date he turned his mind over again. He felt that he could not love a girl. Although Leo returned to his regular routine, he was in panic and depression from one thought: nobody loves him and he does not love anybody either. There was no br ...

HRM Pharmaco case study Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

HRM Pharmaco case study - Assignment Example "Human issues arising from the restructuring of multinational corporations are being delegated to HR for studay and implementation" (Fitz-Enz, 2002, 4). Therefore, human resource management should be prepared to deal with such challenges. Unfortunately, empirically, it has been a common practice to cut the human resources department first to save money and resources when a company is experiencing difficulty. "And when companies were downsizing and restructuring, human resource capabilities were the first thing cut" (Losey et all, 2005, 13). Such poor leadership decisions are not forward thinking and result in an understaffed HR department that is not prepared to lead the company's restructuring. In the case of Pharmaco, inefficient human resource decisions couple with poor communication between employees hindered development. Evaluation of the management style of Pharmaco yields information about the company's core values and beliefs. The purpose of the case study was to "appreciate the range of employees and types of job that exist within pharmaceutical companies" (Sewell and Scarbrough, 2002, 182) Pharmaco is a British company, which is important to note because the "pharmaceutical industry is often highlighted as one of the few examples of British manufacturing success in high value added markets" (Sewell and Scarbrough, 2002, 115). ... Like other industries dependent upon science, pharmaceutical companies need to constantly retrain and innovate in order to achieve and continue to enjoy market competitiveness (Sewell and Scarbrough, 2002, 43). This distinguishes such businesses from other more traditional companies and creates intriguing dilemmas for human resource management. Retention of employees is key as confidentiality is a premium for the field. Temporary workers require human resource analysts to design specific policy and compensation procedure that may differ from that of permanent workers. This inherently creates uncertainty which may be compounded by ineffective implementation or the perception of favourable treatment of one group over another. The first issue to be examined is why these individuals choose to become temporary workers so that their attitudes and effectiveness may be gauged. As David Cenzo and Stephen Robbins (2005) note: If temporaries are employed solely as a cost-cutting measure, the pay and benefits offered to contingent workers might differ from those offered to other workers hired part-time as a result of restructuring HRM, then, must discover specifically what these employees want. Is it flexibility in scheduling, autonomy, or the control over one's career destiny that such situations afford that attracts them Or is it just bad luck, and they are forced into this situation (19) Conflict between temporary and permanent workers must be anticipated by human resource management. If the new workers are given more pay or significant schedule flexibility this can cause concern and anger, resulting in a loss of productivity or even employees choosing to quit. A lesson can be learned from studying the massive

The Legal Environment of Business Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

The Legal Environment of Business - Essay Example The city had great moral values and therefore (2) this was the question asked by the general public to the Democratic Mayor of the city, Deedee Corradini, as to how the city of moral values ended up with such criticism. All the dreams of the people of the city had been washed off. This was due to the biggest bribery scandal that had taken place in the history and this crime had been committed by the officials of the city. It was thought that the 2002 Winter Olympics which was awarded to Salt Lake four years from then would bring into the town business of $ 2.8 billion. This was enough reason to influence the process of the selection of site it could not be resisted by the Salt Lake Organizing Committee (SLOC). When the scandal broke in January, it was found that out of the 114 IOC members, SLOC had bribed 13 of them with $393,000 mostly in the form of stipends and scholarships to family members. Then by the end of the month the figure had taken a toll to $800,000 of real cash bribes. Then again by early February, the toll had again risen to $1.3 million and for 24 members which was almost 1/5 of the IOC. The IOC had then said (3) that it would change the method of selection of the host cities and there was resignation given by four of its members. Two of the top SLOC officials were - Vice President David Johnson and CEO and President Frank Joklik -were forced to resign and the committee underwent a comprehensive restructuring. There were also the allegations of criminal nature and for this reason, criminal investigations were ordered including investigations by the U.S. Department of Justice and the U.S. Internal Revenue Studies. The companies like- Coca Cola, McDonald's, IBM, Visa, Eastman Kodak and United Parcel Service, being long time corporate sponsors of the Olympic Games threatened to take back their support.It had also been found that there were several middlemen (4) who had gained much profit as brokers by selling the votes of IOC members from Africa a nd Middle East who had the least chance of winning the sites in their own areas. In the present circumstance, the situation of Bigtown seems very similar to that of the Salt Lake case. In the Bigtown case, the mayor has been voted on his assuring the people that he will change everything in the City and make it a place to be seen and to see. But all these words have somewhat disappeared with the time. He is very much disturbed by the way things are going and wants to offer contracts for city work in exchange for convention business. This may not be called bribery but can be classified as lobbying. Moreover this is against law and is unethical. Being a mayor of the city, he should try to solve all the problems through his departments rather than giving off the city's works to the general public through contracts. The specific issues that link the Bigtow

Reference Letter Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Reference Letter - Essay Example skills, that she is able to work under pressure, she is able to work independently, she is a team member, and she has good communication skills to work with her colleagues and with the customers. She demonstrated that she is able to solve problems that may arise with the customers to obtain positive results and customer satisfaction. Her duties involved but not limited to: filing, entering data in our database, and assisted other officers in carrying out departmental duties. She was always eager to assist others in their tasks and made suggestions when difficulties arose. She has not only an interest in learning in the accounting field but she is also eager to help as a volunteer. She demonstrated as an Intern in our company that she is capable of fulfilling her tasks in a graceful manner. Her desires to continuously learn are good assets which are part of her personality, to be able to continue her studies as a graduate student in Accounting at your university. I wholeheartedly recommend Ms. _______ (complete name) to continue her graduate degree at the University of Toronto as she will be an asset to your institution and an asset to the accounting field. Should you have any questions concerning Ms. ________ (complete name) please feel free to contact me at your earliest convenience I will be happy to answer any questions. I hope that Ms. ________ (last name) gives me the good news that she will be attending the University of Toronto as a graduate accounting

Impact Of Globalisation On The Nation State Politics Essay

Impact Of Globalisation On The Nation State Politics Essay The term globalization has been a contentious topic in the field of social sciences and disciplines alike in recent years. The expansive pattern of globalization makes a holistic definition of the concept difficult. Interestingly, in spite of the vast nature of the concept, there is a tendency to homogenize its meaning. Some commentators posit that globalization depicts a polyvalent, promiscuous, controversial word that often obscures more than it reveals (Jessop 2002, p.113), and that globalization remains the most over used and under specified term in the international policy domain since the passing of the Cold War (Higgot 1999, p.1). Indeed the inclination to generate a broad and homogeneous meaning to the concept of globalization may be as a result of the open nature of the concept itself, which makes it quite complex to conceive. However, a key theme in the globalization discourse today is the extent to which the process has led to the weakening and/or strengthening of the nation state. Some scholars have argue that the nation state is central in driving the process of globalization (skeptics), while others contend that the increase in transnational networks has weakened the nation state (Globalist). This paper does not intend to take side with any of these assertions; rather it seeks to analyze the various impacts that the process of globalization has had on the nation state in interacting with global networks and institutions. To achieve this, the first part of this essay looks at the concept of globalization vis a vis the evolution of the nation state within Europe from pre-modern era. This will bring to fore certain phenomenal changes in the contemporary global political economy of state which has lead to the changing role of the nation state in recent years. Using four key factors as my reference point, the second part delves into the impact globalization has had on the nation state under the following parameters The global capital, global environment, global citizenship as well as post-nuclear politic. This will help to suggest the varying consequence of globalism over nationalism In the final analysis, I find the structure for potential globalism evident, thus conclude that indeed the expansion of global network have transformed the function of nation states in today`s global polity, rather than erode the autonomy and sovereignty of nation states. Conceptualising Globalisation: Globalisation presupposes an ongoing process which applies to a broad spectrum of activities ranging from economic actions to the sphere of politics, law, and culture. It is defined as the deepening and expansion of socio-cultural and socio-political ties beyond national frontiers aided by a strong and complex technological breakthrough (Holm Sorensen 1995, p.1). The empirical revelation of economic interdependence however, finds a place in the globalization thesis when Scholte stressed that the growth in global flow of capital through foreign direct investments, the spread of transnational co-operation, foreign exchange transfers, and the establishment of export processing zones, has enmeshed the global economy into an integrated market arena. (2000, p.86). Unarguably the global political economy from the twentieth century has witnessed extensive integration of national economies particularly through cross-border investment and trade, however these interconnectedness tend to shape the policy of state actors via engagements with global institutions without recourse to place and time. Although while the economic logic of globalizations may have shifted to the consciousness of a borderless world (Ohmae 1990, p .172), it is worth noting that the interplay is not universally applicable as some state borders seem demarcated from contemporary global integration( some countries in the south). Thus these states adopt isolationist policies in the excuse that their domestic economic posture is not viable enough to interconnect with external forces. Therefore not all social relations have reached the stage of global civilization; while some nation states assume that international political power outflank its role (Taylor 1996, p. 11), others believe that global politics runs over state-centric political network into a more spatial extensive framework in contemporary times. The Nation State Evolution: During the Middle age epoch in Europe, political authority was distributed between individuals and religious institutions (Axtmann 2004, p.259). The exercise of authority was managed by wealthy merchants, royal families and religious heads in almost all matters during pre-modernization. Although the influence of religious institutions in exercising its authority witnessed a decline in the 16th century through the 18th century, Monarchs became increasingly powerful as a result of certain structural changes in Europe caused by the industrial revolution (Sorensen 2004, p.10). However the king in collaboration with a strong military presence at the time introduced taxes and used states apparatus to legitimize their actions. State managed infrastructure established for credit and monetary concerns were used to sustain the status quo by maintaining legitimacy and guaranteeing trade (Sorensen 2004, p. 10). This system carved out a central authority arrangement upon which the monarchs and the citizens related, giving rise to an administrative framework that metamorphosed in the emergence to the early form of the modern nation state creation. As a follow up, the signing of the Westphalia treaty in 1648 legitimized state structure as a sovereign entity. The principle of sovereignty was premised on the supremacy of the nation state over its subjects, territorial integrity and natural resources. Fundamentally, it is instructive to point out that prior to the Westphalia treaty being entrenched, more than two hundred European entities engaged in dialogues (Sorensen 2004, p.10). The consequence of those negotiations saw Europe having only about fifty states currently. This represents the highest form of fragmentation which passed through series of conflict processes especially during the 1900 to 2000, spanning across various wars with the death toll of over 115 million people (Tilly 1992, p. 6 7). Hence, the process of consolidating states into a transformed entity often navigates through a gradual stage of fierce engagements. This slow but effective transformatory stage is the standard, for launching into the international society; therefore the prevailing global society of states is a product of thorough creation following long standing interest articulation and trade-offs. One characteristic of modern state formation, is the severe decline of internal conflict and civil unrest and the prevalence of the rights of nations and human with the threats to violent conflict almost non-existent (Sorensen 2004, p.11). The presence of these attributes will guarantee the legitimate use of force, based on laid down principles and this will shape the relationship between the state and its citizen. Also since the authority which was once distributed amongst varying actors is centrally managed in a modern nation state, it naturally translates the allegiance of citizens towards to state in a manner that tends to create a sense of community from their history. This sequential establishment of the modern nations state is crucial to understanding the transformations that prepared states towards opening up to the global space. Just after the emergence of the modern nation states, technological and economic advancement tolerated dramatic development to occur within states and they became keen to protect their own interest in relation to others. In the present day, advancement in almost all spheres of interaction has opened up the distribution and consumption of hitherto domestic goods to become global products. What this implies is that globalization now plays a dominant role in the relation of the society of states such that economic activities either within or outside the state is done without emphasis on location. Although the economic relation of states are more often between states, the production of goods and services still remain territorially defined, thus the need to often comprehend international trade through state relations. Examining the effects of globalization on the nation state Global Capital: The enthusiasts of capital mobility, in the wake of advancement in information technology have identified the transformation of capital to be more global than national. They argue that in a formal geographical sense, the ownership of capital has shifted from the territorially bounded entity into an extensive global community (Mann 1977, p 479). Prior to the 1980`s capital mobility was at the purview national government through bond issuance to manage trade deficit/surplus for healthy competition. However the dismantling of state regulations to evolve a loose global market was in tandem with European consciousness to liberalize. Today, the speedy nature of the foreign exchange electronic market, likely explains the scale of contemporary global financial flow. The foreign exchange market accounted for tremendous growth from $1 billion in the middle of 1970s to over $1.2 trillion by 1990, surpassing the global trade ratio of 60:1(Cohn 2000, p.10). Also international bank lending have sky rocketed from a minor level in the 1960`s to over 20 billion annually in the 70`s and a steady growth of 10 times that level in 1990`s. In comparism to the state centric standard of control, contemporary financial capital has become intensively mobile that it no longer yields to the actions of determined governments as thought by many (Ohmae 1990, p.158). It is even more fascinating that the foreign exchange market has attracted almost any body without formal training, and this has become a speculators heaven due to its high yield opportunities it provides. An attempt by regulators to manage the foreign exchange deficits has been unsuccessful since capital gain from the foreign exchange market remains un-tax. Rees-Mogg and Davidson best describe the deregulation in global capital mobility when they stated that the Internet will make avoiding taxes so easy and risk-less that sovereignty will inevitably shift to the individual, leaving the nation-state to die of fiscal starvation (1997, P.159). This clearly shows the extent to which huge capital can literally travel miles across national borders with just a push on a k ey board button. On the other hand however, its been argued that even though capital movements have become largely trans-national the shares and currencies traded are usually pegged to national stock markets principles (Wade 1996). The sceptics response to the flow of capital either through trade or investment is that the institutional origin in which capital flow thrives is largely nationally based. Therefore the role of multi-national co-operations in spreading foreign direct investment around the world does not necessarily make them stateless. For instance the cost of establishing an electronics industry requires hi-tech manufacturing skilled labour, hence to ensure effective production cost, an FDI initiative will allows for the recruitment of local citizens and the avoidance of tariff barriers. This will result in the Manufacturing Company retaining a large proportion of local origin and blend to local conditions as against the claim that MNC`s are placeless. Fundamentally, the wave of globalization has transformed national economies from subsistent production to a global production apparatus. This means that the world of states is adjusting to the irreversible dynamics of globalization, as societies are becoming more competitive and coalescing to create an international system of interdependence. However this trend is not necessarily even or universal, the indications of globalization on the nation state has varying consequences. While a genuine single market is evident in Europe, North America and East Asia, the same cannot be said of Sahara Africa or the Balkans. Yet most literature more often generalizes nation state experience in its interaction with the global network. Global Environment: Human environment is full of overwhelming potential hazards. This risk is attributable to a number of factors, not exclusive to global capitalism. The environmental pressure of coping with economic production has indeed deeply affected the atmosphere and climate of the world. Dealing with this destruction will require nation state to take necessary steps in protecting their immediate environment. Europe, America and recently Singapore have sponsored the cleaning up of their environment. Nevertheless the need to respond to this challenge in contemporary global space demands both the rich and poor nations to share the burden. Richard Falk argues that the danger of ozone depletion requires the involvement of the optimist and pessimist alike (1999, p.28). This means that the current global era shifts the responsibility of solving the ecological damage from immediate domestic actor to a compliant network of actors which could be voluntary or through agreements. It is perhaps correct to say that responses to environmental challenges can be seen in duality, private firms now use slogans like Think globally, act locally to create an open concern towards the decay of the environment. The green peace initiative is in the forefront of disseminating the rejection of scientific exploitation of nature on energy grounds clean. In doing so its uses its western connection to influence the energy policy of national government across the globe, this is also similar to what the global civil society (GIS) does. Through an awareness campaign, the (GCS) cajole national governments into subscribing to the international code of conduct on environmental practices. On the other hand however, while it is imperative to `think globally and act locally` as some environmental activist advocate, the assumption that all environmental problems require global concern is quite misleading. For instance environmental concern arising from human activity on the soil such as deforestation and watershed failure are certainly dealt with at local level. In spite of emergencies and spread of international networks on environmental problem, the compliance of various nation states is important for positive result. Therefore Michael Mann affirms that the policy makers in transnational agencies are also representatives of their various nation state, therefore `soft geopolitics` remains a viable tool for effective policy implementation (1997,p.490). Moreover the skeptic view finds actuality in the history of international co-operations on global environment, as there are several examples of negotiations failing due to either structural imbalance of the North/South, or because states do not find such engagements helpful to their economic and political concerns. The Copenhagen summit failed due to this kind of suspicion. The weakness of the UN climate convention document as not reflecting the concerns of poor developing countries on the limit of emission reduction, created the deadlock negotiations at Copenhagen. Notwithstanding, one thing the Copenhagen summit would have achieved today is the fact that national governments are now well informed of the reality of climate change, therefore legislations from various national governments now seeks to address climate change within their own internal agencies. Global Citizenship: The current age of information technology has made the monopoly of information by nation states difficult. Across geographical boundaries peoples access to information on global development creates the opportunity for them to have varieties of preferences on products and life styles. Gone are the days when the flow of information was managed by government to suit their policy interest, currently people`s free access to information have made them cosmopolitan in their character (Ohmae 1990, p.19). The swiftness of information travel from the internet and cable network in an increasingly globalised world provides a background for understanding the changing role of the state with regards to citizenship. Richard Falk has described citizenship as a shifting set of relationship and attitude without any necessary territorial delimitation (Brecher 1993, p.39). The dynamics of economic, cultural and ecological transformation offered by globalization is responsible for this shift. Therefore human experience in contemporary global era makes global citizenship irreversible as it is impossible to territorially manage the relations of people. As stated in Ohmae`s borderless world, The Japanese have become global citizens through perpetual travel abroad. This he claims would not have been possible in the past if not for the flow of information around the world. (1990, p.19). Conversely, the global citizenship phenomenon has been challenge by skeptic who holds to the view that nationalism remains a powerful devise to the primary identity which gives people the rights and privileges they enjoy within a given boundary. They argue (Skeptics) that the legitimate role of citizen has been offered by the foundation of political democracy through constitutional framework which allows for periodic elections and the assurance of rights. However the generalization of global citizenship may have been overstated. The evidences are more conspicuous in Europe where the mentality towards market, politics and security has been largely de-territorialized. By contrast this mentality does not find credence in sub-Saharan Africa were negotiations to act collectively has often been a mirage. (Falk 1990, P.159). Post-Nuclear Politic:- Understanding the New World Order : The dominant discourse after the two great wars in political life has been how to fashion out a universal body to govern the world as a whole. The defining political challenge was to establish a world order based on sustainable democratic principles. A consciousness that was pioneered by the Western states after the lesson learnt from `hard geopolitics` was to build a world order bases on collective action. Therefore the concept of globalization and the use of `soft geopolitics` sets an agenda to restructure the world without necessarily going through the face of transformation that occurred in Europe.(Mann 1997,p.493). Consequently, threats ranging from rising nuclear tension in states like Pakistan and India and separatist agitations in other countries around the world continue to slap down reluctant militarist nations in global affairs. Globalization however offers a plausible platform to contain potential danger through global geopolitical order. In this regards, the United Nations represent a marginal player in global security concern. Even though its more often accused of failing, the evident bearing has shifted towards regionalism. The approach to build a global governance structure through regionalism has yielded positive results. With an experience from the European Union, security issues are now articulated within regions shaped by the UN charter . At least it is apparent that regional institution remains feasible potential network towards the emergence of positive globalism. In refuting the impact of global governance over the nation state, Max Weber maintains that the monopoly of territory remains a distinctive feature which only the modern state possesses (1968, p.56). This means that the prevailing role of governance is exclusive to nation states, therefore the choice to engage in the society of states or international relations is not forceful but dependent on the willingness do so. Since nation states develop into self-sufficient entities acting on their own will (Bull 1977). Globalization and Governance: According to the Keynesian welfare state which calls for powerful government involvement in economic planning and social welfare, the developed economies of the world embraced the Keynesian model since the end of WW II until the 1970`s. This system thrived as it became an effective management tool that strengthened the network between states in relation to the market. However the economic crisis at the end of the 1970`s informed by the oil strike of Arab and the resultant economic downturn, paved way for rapid economic liberalization and fiscal control. The wave of globalization has coerced national governments to reshape their functions towards a vast catalyst role of consensus building and mediation as against been the provider (UN, 2001, World Public Sector: 21). Hence, the liberal economic consciousness revamped the role of central governments in interfering with their national economy to mere regulatory roles, bases on neo liberal ideas. It is fascinating to discover that the adoption of new watchdog role as offered by open economic market principles in the United Kingdom witness speedy economic recovery than the socialist economic model of France at that time (Sorensen 2004: 33). The authorities that states exercise in managing economic activities became private regulated by non-state actors in the global political economy. Nonetheless, a complex network does exist between the state and the market in addressing governance issues. For instance, the Global Reporting Initiative (GLI) which is saddled with the responsibility of measuring the private actors impact comprises of NGO`S, MNC`S, the government and professional bodies. On the other hand also economic and political networks at the regional level have emerged viz :- ASEAN, NAFTA, EU and the AU all comprised of nations states showing awareness and wiliness tackling the prevailing demands of globalization. It is safe to state that globalization has transformed state structure and national government in coming to terms with the dynamics that the era presents. New partnerships between public and private sector have been on the rise and this has led government to be more accountable and productive. The Conditional Cash Transfer (CCT) programs established in Mexico and Brazil have been adopted by many other states in the United States, e.g. The New York Citys Opportunity NYC (World Bank Seminar 2007). Conclusion:- The culmination of factors necessitated by the wave of globalization has provoked many thoughts concerning the future of the state. Indeed numerous revelations emanating from the literates suggest that the nations state has lost its role, some other thoughts argue the state still retain its character. It is against this background that I delve into the discursive debate. It has become clear to me that the impact of globalization is multi dimensional. Consequently the triumph of globalism over nationalism remains an ironic claim if not dubious; this is so because at every point of convergence the state remains an unsurpassed political actor for global engagements. While I do not affirm to be statist in my disposition or ascribe to the borderless world thesis, I correspond from my finding, that states are responding to the dynamics of global pressure and that the market is still subject to state control to some extent. In sum, the world has become anarchical with the technological advancement of our age, much as economic globalization has made the world replete with global product. Therefore the structure of global governance rests upon an engaging society of state rather than an imaginary global society. Hence impartial proposals, trade-offs and negotiations will help erect a true international society.

John Clare and the Ubiquitous Editor Essay -- Clare Poet Poem Poetic E

John Clare and the Ubiquitous Editor Editors have always played an important and powerful role in the works of John Clare, from Clare’s own time until the present. An Invite to Eternity presents a model of that relationship between text and editor in microcosm, from its composition inside the walls of a mental institution to its transcription by an asylum attendant, to its early publication and its modern re-presentation today. Written in the 1840s, no extant manuscript of the poem exists in Clare’s own hand and each version of the poem is inflected by its editor in different but always significant ways. In recent years, this is reflected in the sole copyright control over Clare’s work exercised by his most prominent editor, whose own interpretation of Clare governs the way the poet and his poems are presented to a modern audience. The publication history of all of John Clare’s work is, in the end, a history about editorial control and influence. Even An Invite to Eternity, written within the confines of a mental institution seemingly distant from the literary world, is not an exception to this rule, for it and Clare’s other asylum poems do not escape the power and problem of the editor. And, further, this problem of the editor is not one confined to the past, to the actions of Clare’s original publisher John Taylor or to W.F. Knight, the asylum house steward who transcribed the poetry Clare wrote during his 20 odd years of confinement. In fact, debates continue and rankle over the role of the editor in re-presenting Clare’s work to a modern audience: should the modern editor present the unadulterated, raw Clare manuscript or a cleaned up, standardized version as Taylor did? Only exacerbating and exaggerating this problem o... ... (29)Haughton. (30)Hugh Haughton and Adam Phillips, â€Å"Introduction: Relocating John Clare,† John Clare in Context. Ed. Hugh Haughton, Adam Phillips, Geoffrey Summerfield. (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1994) 19. (31)Haughton and Phillips, 19; see Robinson, xii. (32)Robinson, xii. (33)See The John Clare Page for a bibliography of news and journal articles concerning the controversy. (34)Robert Mendick, ‘Poets Protest as US Scholar Corners Clare’, Independent on Sunday, 16 July 2000. Online. (35)John Goodridge, â€Å"Poor Clare,† The Guardian, July 22, 2000. Online. (36)Goodridge; The John Clare Page. (37)‘John Clare’s Copyright’ (letter), Times Literary Supplement, July 14 2000, p. 15. (38)See Times Higher Education Supplement (39)See the Robinson version of the poem and the Grigson version, an example of the â€Å"standardized† Clare.

International financial market

International Financial Markets and Institutions Practice Test Paper Trimester One 2013 (15 Macs for practice) The actual test consists of 40 Multiple Choice Questions (You have one hour and 10 minutes to complete the actual test). 1. Financial markets and Institutions affect the profits of businesses. Affect the types of goods and services produced In an economy. C. Involve the movement of huge quantities of money. D. All of the above. 2. A. B. C. 3. Financial market activities affect pending decisions by individuals and firms. He economy's location in the business cycle. Personal wealth. The bond markets are important because they are markets where Interest rates are determined. They are markets where foreign exchange rates are determined. C. They are easily the most widely followed financial market In the United States. D. All of the above. 4. Typically, Increasing Interest rates encourages corporate borrowing. Discourages individuals from saving. Encourages corporate expansion. 5 . Every financial market performs the following function:It channels funds from lenders-savers to borrowers-spenders. It determines the level of interest rates. It allows loans to be made. It allows common stock to be traded. 6. Financial markets have the basic function of Bringing together people with funds to lend and people who want to borrow funds. Assuring that governments never need to print money. Both A and B above. Both B and C above. 7. Which of the following can be described as involving direct finance? A. A pension fund manager buys commercial paper in the secondary market. B. People buy shares in a mutual fund.An insurance company buys shares of common stock in the over-the-counter markets. None of the above. 8. A country whose financial markets function poorly is likely to experience hardship and financial crises. Enjoy high productivity. Increase its standard of living. Efficiently allocate its capital resources. 9. A bond's future payments are called its maturity val ues. Yields to maturity. Cash flows. Discounted present values. 10. As the price of a bond and the expected return bonds become more attractive to investors and the quantity demanded rises. A. Alls; rises alls;falls rises; falls rises; rises 11. The supply curve for bonds has the usual upward slope, indicating that as the price , criteria Paramus, the increases. Rises; quantity supplied rises; supply falls; quantity supplied falls; supply 2 13. When the price of a bond is above the equilibrium price, there is excess bond market and the price will demand; rise demand; fall supply; rise supply; fall in the How expectations are formed is important because expectations influence A. The demand for assets. Bond prices. The risk structure of interest rates. 14.According to the efficient markets hypothesis, the current price of a financial security is the discounted net present value of future interest payments. B. Is determined by the highest successful bidder. Fully reflects all available relevant information. Is a result of none of the above. 15. When asset prices fall in a boom, moral hazard may increase in companies that have lost net worth in the bust. B. Financial institutions may see the assets on their balance sheets deteriorate, leading to delivering. Both A and B are correct. None of the above are correct. International financial market International Financial Markets and Institutions Practice Test Paper Trimester One 2013 (15 Macs for practice) The actual test consists of 40 Multiple Choice Questions (You have one hour and 10 minutes to complete the actual test). 1. Financial markets and Institutions affect the profits of businesses. Affect the types of goods and services produced In an economy. C. Involve the movement of huge quantities of money. D. All of the above. 2. A. B. C. 3. Financial market activities affect pending decisions by individuals and firms. He economy's location in the business cycle. Personal wealth. The bond markets are important because they are markets where Interest rates are determined. They are markets where foreign exchange rates are determined. C. They are easily the most widely followed financial market In the United States. D. All of the above. 4. Typically, Increasing Interest rates encourages corporate borrowing. Discourages individuals from saving. Encourages corporate expansion. 5 . Every financial market performs the following function:It channels funds from lenders-savers to borrowers-spenders. It determines the level of interest rates. It allows loans to be made. It allows common stock to be traded. 6. Financial markets have the basic function of Bringing together people with funds to lend and people who want to borrow funds. Assuring that governments never need to print money. Both A and B above. Both B and C above. 7. Which of the following can be described as involving direct finance? A. A pension fund manager buys commercial paper in the secondary market. B. People buy shares in a mutual fund.An insurance company buys shares of common stock in the over-the-counter markets. None of the above. 8. A country whose financial markets function poorly is likely to experience hardship and financial crises. Enjoy high productivity. Increase its standard of living. Efficiently allocate its capital resources. 9. A bond's future payments are called its maturity val ues. Yields to maturity. Cash flows. Discounted present values. 10. As the price of a bond and the expected return bonds become more attractive to investors and the quantity demanded rises. A. Alls; rises alls;falls rises; falls rises; rises 11. The supply curve for bonds has the usual upward slope, indicating that as the price , criteria Paramus, the increases. Rises; quantity supplied rises; supply falls; quantity supplied falls; supply 2 13. When the price of a bond is above the equilibrium price, there is excess bond market and the price will demand; rise demand; fall supply; rise supply; fall in the How expectations are formed is important because expectations influence A. The demand for assets. Bond prices. The risk structure of interest rates. 14.According to the efficient markets hypothesis, the current price of a financial security is the discounted net present value of future interest payments. B. Is determined by the highest successful bidder. Fully reflects all available relevant information. Is a result of none of the above. 15. When asset prices fall in a boom, moral hazard may increase in companies that have lost net worth in the bust. B. Financial institutions may see the assets on their balance sheets deteriorate, leading to delivering. Both A and B are correct. None of the above are correct.

How to Write a Research Paper Introduction Paragraph

How to Write a Research Paper Introduction Paragraph How to Write a Research Paper Introduction Paragraph Many students find the writing of an introduction, especially for a demanding paper such as a research paper, to be a very challenging task. If one knows the strategies to use in writing solid introductions, this part of the research paper can be as easy to write as the other sections of the paper. For a research paper, the introduction paragraph is usually a half page in length although it can sometimes be longer depending upon the overall length of the paper and the required background information needed for the introduction. Just like other kinds of papers, the introduction of a research paper begins with statements that present the primary issue being explored and ends by offering the hypothesis or research questions on which the study or research is to be based. The introduction paragraph of a research paper, and indeed of any other kind of academic paper, should always offer a theoretical framework for the research and enable its reader to gain a clear understanding of the purpose for the research. Without a well-written introductory paragraph, it would be very difficult for readers to determine what the paper is about and to follow the presentation of ideas and evidence. Academic papers should never be written like works of fiction. While creative writing may leave the reader guessing what will happen next, academic papers always inform the reader at the beginning what the paper is about so the reader can understand and follow the contents of the paper better. The introduction of the research paper does this by providing a thesis statement on which the reader is to focus while reading the rest of the paper. Many informative articles on writing research papers and essays point out that the introduction paragraph should be the last paragraph to be written. This is a good idea because an introduction needs to provide a concise statement as to what the remainder of the paper covers. With that thought in mind, if someone is not confident in writing introduction paragraphs, then it is best to write the rest of the paper first and then finish up by writing the introduction paragraph. Doing so makes it easier to list the main points to be addressed in the bo dy of the paper. In addition, writing an outline can greatly aid one in developing a good introductory paragraph. Once one has created an outline, one can use the information from the outline to generate the contents of the introductory paragraph since the outline already lists the main points to be addressed in the paper. In summary, it is always recommended that when writing the introduction paragraph, one should begin with a few sentences that introduce the topic of the research paper to the reader. One does not provide extensive information about the topic because this will be the role of the body of the paper. Furthermore, one should strive to make the sentences in the introduction paragraph as interesting as possible. These first sentences should provide the reader with thought-provoking ideas to consider, pulling the reader into the rest of the paper. Finally, the introduction should present the hypothesis or the research questions to be explored through research and presented in the paper. You can get professional research paper help at company. We hire academic experts to provide students with custom research papers of the finest quality.

The Meanings and Origins of Common Greetings and Pleasantries

The Meanings and Origins of Common Greetings and Pleasantries The Meanings and Origins of Common Greetings and Pleasantries The Meanings and Origins of Common Greetings and Pleasantries By Mark Nichol Greetings and pleasantries, often uttered without sincerity or conviction as rote statements, are often also used without appreciation of their literal meanings. Here are the connotations and derivations of common comments. Adieu This French term, uttered by someone taking leave of others, is sometimes used by English speakers; it’s a contraction of â€Å"A dieu vous commant† (meaning â€Å"I commend you to God†). Adios The Spanish equivalent of â€Å"adieu† is also employed in English. Farewell This short version of â€Å"I hope you fare well† (fare here means â€Å"do†) was originally said as a parting comment to a person leaving the company of one or more other people; the departing person would traditionally respond â€Å"Good-bye.† Now, it is sometimes used in distinction with â€Å"Good-bye,† which has a connotation of finality, whereas â€Å"Farewell† implies that the parties will meet again. Good Day and Good Night These abbreviated versions of â€Å"I wish you a good day/night† are almost invariably said when a person parts company with one or more others. Good Morning, Good Afternoon, and Good Evening Unlike â€Å"Good day† and â€Å"Good night,† these expressions are usually uttered as greetings at the appropriate time of day or night, though they are sometimes said in parting. Good-bye This comment, given when one party or another departs, is a contraction of â€Å"God be with ye†; it’s often spelled goodbye. Greetings The root word of this outdated but occasionally employed comment, an abbreviation of â€Å"I give you greetings,† originally meant â€Å"to come in contact with.† Hello The greeting hello likely derives from the Old High German call hala (also hola), meaning â€Å"fetch,† which was originally used to hail the operator of a ferryboat and expanded as general usage for getting someone’s attention and then as a greeting. A great variety of spellings, probably as a result of various pronunciations, persisted well into the twentieth century. Hello became more popular toward the end of the 1800s as it prevailed as the dominant form of greeting when calling someone on a telephone. Holler (meaning â€Å"a shout†), and possibly hullabaloo (meaning â€Å"a commotion†), are related. Hi â€Å"Hi,† used as an informal alternative to â€Å"Hello,† is unrelated to that word, though it also derives from a word used to attract attention: hey. It originally was uttered as an exclamation of surprise. How Do You Do? This pleasantry, often responded to with an identical greeting but sometimes returned with something like, â€Å"I am well. And how are you?† is nearly obsolete but survives in the contraction â€Å"Howdy,† which is used without affectation in some regions of the United States, though some people use it as a self-conscious colloquialism. Thank You This pleasantry, short for â€Å"I thank you† but still considered formal, is often replaced by â€Å"Thanks,† which derives from a different comment, â€Å"I give you thanks.† The colloquial â€Å"Thanks a lot† is often uttered sarcastically, so it should be avoided in writing; the same is true of â€Å"Thanks a million.† An even more casual alternative is â€Å"Thanx.† (Thank, by the way, is cognate with think.) Welcome The two parts of this greeting are misleading in their apparent etymological origins: The first half does not have anything to do with well, and the second half is only tangentially related to come. The first part of the Old English word wilcuma means â€Å"will† and the second part means â€Å"guest,† not â€Å"come†; the sentiment is that it was a host’s will that a guest would arrive. You’re Welcome This response to â€Å"Thank you† and its variants, a slight contraction of â€Å"You are welcome,† literally means that one should feel entitled to whatever cordiality or service one has received from the person who gives the response. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Expressions category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:50 Rhetorical Devices for Rational Writing50 Synonyms for "Assistant"5 Tips to Understand Hyphenated Words

Pricing Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Pricing - Research Paper Example Ideally, skimming refers to setting high prices based on the value of the product (Holden and Burton 51). The features of the new washing machine are likely to excite the customers, creating no need for the company to opt for a discounted pricing strategy. The financial value of the product is strength to the organization. The new washing machines is built on new technology that requires very little water and energy to clean clothes. Therefore, customers are unlikely to put cost into consideration and instead consider the functionality of the washing machine. According to Holden and Burton (51), most customers buy a product due to the service they receive from the product, and not on price. In fact, very few customers choose to buy a product due to pricing, leaving the biggest customer base on the service side. Low pricing could make the customers perceive the washing machine as inferior. A low price intended to attract more sales might lead to decrease in sales in the later days, as customers’ debate on the standards of the product. Cheap products are considered to be of substandard quality while highly priced products are considered to be of high quality. ... A machine using little water and energy to clean is likely to be exactly what the market needs presently. An evaluation of various cost benefits the machine is likely to bring to homesteads is enticing enough for a person to be lured to purchase the machine. Imagine a machine that uses much less energy and even much less water to do the same amount of washing just like an ordinary washing machine? Is that not exciting good news? Out of all possible considerations, my price would not be based on either competition or willingness to buy by the customers. Penetration strategy is the war of prices where companies slash their prices with huge margins as they compete to retain their market share amidst overwhelming competition. Penetration strategy mostly applies to the period of growth where customers have understood the product while competition is still high (Holden and Burton 52). The product at this period still enjoys customer loyalty due to tested and experience with use. However, i n other cycles of a product such as maturity stage, penetration strategy is likely to fail and thus prevent the company from realizing all the intended profits. Understanding the type of market the company is operating in is important in setting the right prices. For an emerging market, the product is still new and customers are still willing to use the product. The company is rolling out this product to an emerging market, where customers are most likely to buy the product regardless of the price. When making my decision regarding the price for the machine, information such as customers’ trust to Whirlpool’s products will be helpful. Trust means that people already know

Architectural Design Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Architectural Design - Essay Example His designs, are Based on a predilection towards a polemical flow of opposition, interaction, and redefinition. The grid was the organizing principle of Eisenman's earlier work, a series of rectilinear box-like houses in which he investigated and articulated a variety of theoretical ideas, including the notion of deep structure, a proposition that there is a universal, underlying ordering device that is the natural and logical generator of a design. His theories on architecture pursue the emancipation and autonomy of the discipline and his work represents a continued attempt to liberate form from all meaning, a struggle that is at times difficult to understand. Eisenman focuses on liberating architectural form. The House II is a single family house with a flat roof and a having a form of a cube. House II of 10 numbered houses, designed for the family of Princeton professor Richard Falk, was constructed between 1960-1970 in Hardwick, Connecticut as the second house in a series of structures conceived on the basis of a square plan. For this house, Eisenman began to investigate a set of abstract formal propositions as a possible condition of an underlying structure and their initial transformations into a specific environment. Using all rectangular elements, a series of lines, planes, and volumes converge to create a complex spatial arrangement, resulting into a design proposal that exemplifies high amount of rectangularity. The term 'cardboard architecture' in relation to House II Around 1968, Peter Eisenman limited himself to a set of abstract formal propositions as a possible condition of an underlying structure and their initial transformation into a specific environment for the design of House II. The formal propositions are the line, the plane, and the volume. Whilst Eisenman uses a compositional diagonal, all the construction elements are rectangular. The house displays evocative, ambiguous and strongly formal language. Furthermore, the primarily orthogonal and rectangular language of the houses, suggest a welcome degree of complexity achieved through simple means. The house shows a simple geometry that extrudes the square to form a cube or rectangular box. The geometry of the house is made up of its stark horizontals and verticals and large expanses of glass. Every addition to the house after this will be inside this cube or box so that the form will always be the exterior skin of the house, decomposed or not. With the addition of an equal number of planes vertically and horizontally the house splits into sections. With the further addition of interior walls, varying in size, but with a distinct pattern and with the crossing of those planes with perpendicular planes to form a grid. Add a square grid of structural columns. Decompose the existing grid work and columns to form rooms with the addition of the interior walls, floors, and roofs. Punch out forms from exterior walls to make windows and punch out similar forms from interior and exterior walls to make doorways.This describes the simple design process followed by the designer which impart s the building a simple geometry which is made up of planes and lines converging at different points to form different geometries which essentially resemble the functions of a cardboard; not structurally but visibly. The works of these series of houses are hence